Are 1st person shooter games misogynistic or entertainment? 1st person shooter games have long been criticized for being violent and misogynistic, while at the same time being praised for great storytelling in an immersive environment. Select your favorite 1st person shooter game and apply the 5-Step Critical Process. In the Chapter 3 example of the 5-Step Critical Process, the text uses the example of the game Red Dead Redemption and runs it through the process. Use that as an example to help guide you through the process with your game of choice. If you’re not familiar with this type of game, here is a list of potential games with links that provide background information and enough of an understanding to take a game through the 5-Step Critical Process (these are just examples, you can select a game of your own choosing or one from the list below): Call of Duty (Links to an external site.) (Any from the series) Uncharted (Links to an external site.) Grand Theft Auto (Links to an external site.) Farcry (Links to an external site.) Fortnite (Links to an external site.) Overwatch (Links to an external site.) Metal Gear (Links to an external site.) Below is an example from textbook (please note that this example is shorter than the requirement for the Midterm. I expect your critique to be at least 1,000 words). First-Person Shooter Games: Misogyny as Entertainment? Historical first-person shooter games are a significant subgenre of action games (Links to an external site.), the biggest-selling genre of the digital game industry. Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3 (set in a fictional WWIII) made $775 million in its first five days. And with thirteen million units sold by 2012, Rockstar Games’ critically acclaimed Red Dead Redemption (RDR, set in the Wild West) was applauded for its realism and called a ‘tour de force’ by the New York Times.1 (Links to an external site.) But as these games proliferate through our culture, what are we learning as we are launched back and forth in time and into the worlds of these games? DESCRIPTION Red Dead Redemption features John Madsen, a white outlaw turned federal agent, who journeys to the ‘uncivilized’ West to capture or kill his old gang members. Within this game, gamers encounter breathtaking vistas and ghost towns with saloons, prostitutes, and gunslingers; large herds of cattle; and scenes of the Mexican Rebellion. Shootouts are common in towns and on the plains, and gamers earn points for killing animals and people. The New York Times review notes that ‘Red Dead Redemption is perhaps most distinguished by the brilliant voice acting and pungent, pitch-perfect writing we have come to expect from Rockstar.’2 (Links to an external site.) ANALYSIS RDR may have ‘pitch-perfect writing,’ but a certain tune emerges. For example, African Americans and Native Americans are absent from the story line (although they were clearly present in the West of 1911). The roles of women are limited: They are portrayed as untrustworthy and chronically nagging wives, prostitutes, or nunsand they can be blithely killed in front of sheriffs and husbands without ramifications. One special mission is to hogtie a nun or prostitute and drop her onto tracks in front of an oncoming train. One gamer in his popular how-to demo on YouTube calls this mission ‘the coolest achievement I’ve ever seen in a game.’3 (Links to an external site.) INTERPRETATION RDR may give us a technologically rich immersion into the Wild West of 1911, but it relies on clichés to do so (macho white gunslinger as leading man, weak or contemptible women, vigilante justice). If the macho/misogynistic narrative possibilities and value system of RDR seem familiar, it’s because the game is based on Rockstar’s other video game hit, Grand Theft Auto (GTA), which lets players have sex with and then graphically kill hookers. GTA was heavily criticized for creating an ‘X-Rated wonderland’ and was dubbed ‘Grand Theft Misogyny.’4 (Links to an external site.) Indeed, Rockstar simply took the GTA engine and interface and overlaid new scenes, narratives, and characters, moving from the urban streets of Liberty City to American frontier towns.5 (Links to an external site.) EVALUATION The problem with Red Dead Redemption is its limited view of history, lack of imagination, and reliance on misogyny as entertainment. Since its gameplay is so similar to that of GTA, the specifics of time and place are beside the pointall that’s left is killing and hating women. Video games are fun, but what effect do they have on men’s attitudes toward women? ENGAGEMENT Talk to friends about games like GTA, RDR, and Rockstar’s more recent L.A. Noire. (Set in 1940s Los Angeles, it also contains scenes of nudity and graphic violence against women.) Comment on blog sites about the ways some games can provide a mask for misogyny, and write to Rockstar itself (www.rockstargames.com), demanding less demeaning narratives regarding women and ethnic minorities. Explanation & Answer: 1000 words Tags: violent and misogynistic person shooter games misogynistic Misogyny as Entertainment historical mysteries competitive gameplay User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following Studypool’s honor code & terms of service.
Reference List: Basic Rules
Note: This page reflects the latest version of the APA Publication Manual (i.e., APA 7), which released in October 2019. The equivalent resource for the older APA 6 style can be found here.
This resource, revised according to the 7th edition APA Publication Manual, provides fundamental guidelines for constructing the reference pages of research papers. For more information, please consult the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, (7th ed.).
Note: Because the information on this page pertains to virtually all citations, we’ve highlighted one important difference between APA 6 and APA 7 with an underlined note written in red.
Formatting a Reference List
Your reference list should appear at the end of your paper. It provides the information necessary for a reader to locate and retrieve any source you cite in the body of the paper. Each source you cite in the paper must appear in your reference list; likewise, each entry in the reference list must be cited in your text.
Your references should begin on a new page separate from the text of the essay; label this page “References” in bold, centered at the top of the page (do NOT underline or use quotation marks for the title). All text should be double-spaced just like the rest of your essay.
Basic Rules for Most Sources
- All lines after the first line of each entry in your reference list should be indented one-half inch from the left margin. This is called hanging indentation.
- All authors’ names should be inverted (i.e., last names should be provided first).
- Authors’ first and middle names should be written as initials.
- For example, the reference entry for a source written by Jane Marie Smith would begin with “Smith, J. M.”
- If a middle name isn’t available, just initialize the author’s first name: “Smith, J.”
- Give the last name and first/middle initials for all authors of a particular work up to and including 20 authors (this is a new rule, as APA 6 only required the first six authors). Separate each author’s initials from the next author in the list with a comma. Use an ampersand (&) before the last author’s name. If there are 21 or more authors, use an ellipsis (but no ampersand) after the 19th author, and then add the final author’s name.
- Reference list entries should be alphabetized by the last name of the first author of each work.
- For multiple articles by the same author, or authors listed in the same order, list the entries in chronological order, from earliest to most recent.
- When referring to the titles of books, chapters, articles, reports, webpages, or other sources, capitalize only the first letter of the first word of the title and subtitle, the first word after a colon or a dash in the title, and proper nouns.
- Note again that the titles of academic journals are subject to special rules. See section below.
- Italicize titles of longer works (e.g., books, edited collections, names of newspapers, and so on).
- Do not italicize, underline, or put quotes around the titles of shorter works such as chapters in books or essays in edited collections.
Basic Rules for Articles in Academic Journals
- Present journal titles in full.
- Italicize journal titles.
- Maintain any nonstandard punctuation and capitalization that is used by the journal in its title.
- For example, you should use PhiloSOPHIA instead of Philosophia, or Past & Present instead of Past and Present.
- Capitalize all major words in the titles of journals. Note that this differs from the rule for titling other common sources (like books, reports, webpages, and so on) described above.
- This distinction is based on the type of source being cited. Academic journal titles have all major words capitalized, while other sources’ titles do not.
- Capitalize the first word of the titles and subtitles of journal articles, as well as the first word after a colon or a dash in the title, and any proper nouns.
- Do not italicize or underline the article title.
- Do not enclose the article title in quotes.
- So, for example, if you need to cite an article titled “Deep Blue: The Mysteries of the Marianas Trench” that was published in the journal Oceanographic Study: A Peer-Reviewed Publication, you would write the article title as follows:
- Deep blue: The mysteries of the Marianas Trench.
- …but you would write the journal title as follows:
- Oceanographic Study: A Peer-Reviewed Publication
- So, for example, if you need to cite an article titled “Deep Blue: The Mysteries of the Marianas Trench” that was published in the journal Oceanographic Study: A Peer-Reviewed Publication, you would write the article title as follows:
Please note: While the APA manual provides examples of how to cite common types of sources, it does not cover all conceivable sources. If you must cite a source that APA does not address, the APA suggests finding an example that is similar to your source and using that format. For more information, see page 282 of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 7th ed.
