Question 1: Read the following excerpt from an article (Links to an external site.) in Nonprofit Quarterly by Cyndi Suarez and then answer the questions below. Recently, as I was doing a Q+A session with a cohort of nonprofit leaders of color who are reading my book The Power Manual, one woman said to me, ‘Some of us were a bit triggered when we were reading your book. We felt that some of your ideas about personal power were magical thinking! I mean, we need to focus on systemic racism.’ The underlying assumption is that magical thinking is unrealistic, and that developing personal power is not a critical part of social change work. There are (at least) two types of work to be done now: work at the edge creating the new forms leaders are asking for, and the work of leading organizations. Not only do we need to fund and build out the visioning/creative/imagination space (the support groups aren’t enough), we need the link between these to be stronger, so that instead of triggering, visions of a better world can inspire more visionary leadership and work. Part A: Given what you have learned about the different aspects of leadership, what type of leadership is the author advocating for and how does that leadership work? Part B: How might these nonprofit leaders use communication to achieve what they call “magical” thinking, according to the perspective you identified in Part A? Part B: According to LMX, why can’t leaders treat all their followers the same? Explain the premise of LMX. If the author of the excerpt had to recommend a type of relationship (from the LMX theory) to the nonprofit leaders, which type would she recommend and why? Question 2: Read the Harvard Business Review excerpt from an article (Links to an external site.) about what CEOs find challenging with their board of directors: The most surprising criticism we heard is that directors too often put self-interest and self-preservation ahead of shareholder interests. One CEO told us, ‘They like their board seatsit gives them some prestige. They can be reluctant to consider recapitalization, going private, or mergingDon’t you know, we might lose our board positions!’ I have been shocked by board members’ saying, That would be an interesting thing to do, but what about us?” Another CEO recalled, ‘In one situation, we had a merger not go through because of who was going to get what number of board seats.’ He shook his head. ‘It is still the most astounding conversation of my life.’ ……… William Lauder, the chairman of Estée Lauder, cautions that when a company is facing a big decision, it may be wise to give directors extra time to conduct due diligence and to deliberate. ‘With key decisions, we’re not going to present an idea and ask for resolution in the same cycle,’ he says. ‘We’ll let the board know our thoughts and allow for conversation and discussion.’ The decision might be made at the following board meeting’or maybe the issue gets deferred until our next meeting, and we discuss it again.’ Part A: What type of conflict management strategy is revealed by the board of directors? What type of conflict management strategy do you think the CEOs would prefer based on their criticism? Part B: Of the three type of conflict in groups, what type of group conflict is the CEO of Estée Lauder attempting to avoid? Explain your answer. Question 3: Part A: Based on your readings, the groups resistant to the COVID interventions exhibited antecedents and symptoms of groupthink. Describe one antecedent and one symptom of groupthink described in the reading. Part B: Do you think it is possible for workgroups to avoid these groupthink antecedents/symptoms? Why or why not? Question 4: Read the following passage from an article (Links to an external site.) in Inc. about what terrible leaders do: Ignoring people’s natural desire to grow and develop Treating employees as worker bees with dead-end career paths and no opportunities to grow as professionals and human beings is an absolute engagement killer. On the contrary, good managers with sound leadership skills will invest in their top employees long-term by providing learning, development, and mentoring opportunities. They create an environment that motivates people and keeps their performance at a high level by asking about their development, and whether they’re getting enough opportunities to learn and grow. Go to the overview lecture. Which of the leadership perspectives (category of leadership theory) is the excerpt focusing on? Explain. Question 5: Based on the Bushardt reading, what is one challenge for managers who lead millennials? Select one recommendation from the reading that directly aligns with a leadership approach discussed in class. What is the recommendation and how does it align with a leadership theory? Explanation & Answer: 5 Questions Tags: leadership skills nonprofit leaders of color Bushardt reading User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following Studypool’s honor code & terms of service.
Reference List: Basic Rules
Note: This page reflects the latest version of the APA Publication Manual (i.e., APA 7), which released in October 2019. The equivalent resource for the older APA 6 style can be found here.
This resource, revised according to the 7th edition APA Publication Manual, provides fundamental guidelines for constructing the reference pages of research papers. For more information, please consult the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, (7th ed.).
Note: Because the information on this page pertains to virtually all citations, we’ve highlighted one important difference between APA 6 and APA 7 with an underlined note written in red.
Formatting a Reference List
Your reference list should appear at the end of your paper. It provides the information necessary for a reader to locate and retrieve any source you cite in the body of the paper. Each source you cite in the paper must appear in your reference list; likewise, each entry in the reference list must be cited in your text.
Your references should begin on a new page separate from the text of the essay; label this page “References” in bold, centered at the top of the page (do NOT underline or use quotation marks for the title). All text should be double-spaced just like the rest of your essay.
Basic Rules for Most Sources
- All lines after the first line of each entry in your reference list should be indented one-half inch from the left margin. This is called hanging indentation.
- All authors’ names should be inverted (i.e., last names should be provided first).
- Authors’ first and middle names should be written as initials.
- For example, the reference entry for a source written by Jane Marie Smith would begin with “Smith, J. M.”
- If a middle name isn’t available, just initialize the author’s first name: “Smith, J.”
- Give the last name and first/middle initials for all authors of a particular work up to and including 20 authors (this is a new rule, as APA 6 only required the first six authors). Separate each author’s initials from the next author in the list with a comma. Use an ampersand (&) before the last author’s name. If there are 21 or more authors, use an ellipsis (but no ampersand) after the 19th author, and then add the final author’s name.
- Reference list entries should be alphabetized by the last name of the first author of each work.
- For multiple articles by the same author, or authors listed in the same order, list the entries in chronological order, from earliest to most recent.
- When referring to the titles of books, chapters, articles, reports, webpages, or other sources, capitalize only the first letter of the first word of the title and subtitle, the first word after a colon or a dash in the title, and proper nouns.
- Note again that the titles of academic journals are subject to special rules. See section below.
- Italicize titles of longer works (e.g., books, edited collections, names of newspapers, and so on).
- Do not italicize, underline, or put quotes around the titles of shorter works such as chapters in books or essays in edited collections.
Basic Rules for Articles in Academic Journals
- Present journal titles in full.
- Italicize journal titles.
- Maintain any nonstandard punctuation and capitalization that is used by the journal in its title.
- For example, you should use PhiloSOPHIA instead of Philosophia, or Past & Present instead of Past and Present.
- Capitalize all major words in the titles of journals. Note that this differs from the rule for titling other common sources (like books, reports, webpages, and so on) described above.
- This distinction is based on the type of source being cited. Academic journal titles have all major words capitalized, while other sources’ titles do not.
- Capitalize the first word of the titles and subtitles of journal articles, as well as the first word after a colon or a dash in the title, and any proper nouns.
- Do not italicize or underline the article title.
- Do not enclose the article title in quotes.
- So, for example, if you need to cite an article titled “Deep Blue: The Mysteries of the Marianas Trench” that was published in the journal Oceanographic Study: A Peer-Reviewed Publication, you would write the article title as follows:
- Deep blue: The mysteries of the Marianas Trench.
- …but you would write the journal title as follows:
- Oceanographic Study: A Peer-Reviewed Publication
- So, for example, if you need to cite an article titled “Deep Blue: The Mysteries of the Marianas Trench” that was published in the journal Oceanographic Study: A Peer-Reviewed Publication, you would write the article title as follows:
Please note: While the APA manual provides examples of how to cite common types of sources, it does not cover all conceivable sources. If you must cite a source that APA does not address, the APA suggests finding an example that is similar to your source and using that format. For more information, see page 282 of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 7th ed.
