I want two different research Studying communication and the various theories that apply to human interaction can be a valuable asset in your personal and professional lives. If used properly you can improve your relationships, your ability to persuade others, your chances at career advancement, and a host of other benefits that becoming a better communicator provides. In order for you to gain a deeper understanding of these concepts, it will be important for you to begin applying them. Theory without application will not allow you to use what you’ve learned and thus, you are less likely to benefit from it. Therefore, this assignment is designed to give you a hands-on experience with watching communication in action and using some of what you have learned in class to analyze what you observe. To aid you in this process you will be required to choose a setting in which others are communicating with one another. The form of communication you choose to observe depends on your own preference. You can observe people interacting directly through conversation, playing sports, working together, etc. or you can observe examples of indirect communication such as strangers in public, intimate partners spending time with each other without actually speaking to one another, or someone reacting to something they have witnessed. You can also conduct your observation by watching footage online or virtually of people communicating. You should try to avoid movies or fictional television programs and focus instead on documentaries, interviews, or live television broadcasts like the news. You will observe the people interacting in whichever setting you choose, and provide your analysis regarding what you thought to be significant about the communication that took place, in the form of an observation paper. To aid you in your writing you will need to choose three (3) specific course concepts or theories that relate to your observations. You will find these concepts in the Chapter Outlines outline located on Canvas in the Modules Section. You can choose any concept you want from any of the chapters, whether or not we have covered yet. Some examples of concepts from the Chapter Outlines that you can choose include: Selection — this is defined as the various factors that determine what a person will pay attention to when communicating. If you chose this concept you could write about what forms of stimuli were present in the situation and how did the communicators respond or negotiate those stimuli during their interaction? Another concept you might choose is Social Roles — which is defined as the various behaviors we adopt depending on the social context we find ourselves in. If you choose this concept you may address what social roles you picked up on and what was it about the interaction that communicated those roles? Finally, another example comes from the chapter on Nonverbal Communication and is called Repeating — which is defined as nonverbal gestures that reinforce what the communicator is saying verbally. This includes pointing to a sign while talking or waving your hand while saying ‘Hello’. If you decided to use this concept you could discuss whether or not you noticed any particular gestures that the communicators used to reinforce what they were saying verbally? These are just a few examples of concepts you can choose from, but please, do not feel that you have to choose just these three concepts! You can choose whatever three concepts you want from any of the chapter outlines on Canvas, so be creative! Once you have selected (3) three concepts to work with and explained how they functioned in the situation you observed, you will then need to provide an analysis of what you learned from this experience. For example: what are your thoughts about what you witnessed? Did it confirm or disconfirm any of your assumptions about communication? Was there anything that surprised you? If so, what was it and why did it surprise you? Since you will be choosing textbook concepts for this assignment, you will need to provide in-text references that include the definition of each of your concepts as well as a reference page including citations in APA style. Please refer to the APA Template on Canvas as well as the Sample Observation Paper for examples of in-text citations and reference page citations. Both are found in the ‘Modules’ section under ‘Observation Paper’. Your paper will be judged according to the following criteria: 1. Your ability to support your analysis through the use of relevant examples 2. Your ability to connect classroom learning to your observations 3. The application of appropriate communication concepts and/or terminology from lecture or the textbook 4. The demonstrated ability to think critically about what you observed (quality of your writing/insights) 5. Proper grammar, spelling, and overall format Learning Objectives This assignment is designed to help you: 1. Apply interpersonal communication concepts to real-world scenarios and personal observations 2. Organize information and facts into a cohesive, coherent essay 3. Improve your critical thinking and writing skills Explanation & Answer: 3 pages Tags: communication professional lifestyle message User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following Studypool’s honor code & terms of service.
Reference List: Basic Rules
Note: This page reflects the latest version of the APA Publication Manual (i.e., APA 7), which released in October 2019. The equivalent resource for the older APA 6 style can be found here.
This resource, revised according to the 7th edition APA Publication Manual, provides fundamental guidelines for constructing the reference pages of research papers. For more information, please consult the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, (7th ed.).
Note: Because the information on this page pertains to virtually all citations, we’ve highlighted one important difference between APA 6 and APA 7 with an underlined note written in red.
Formatting a Reference List
Your reference list should appear at the end of your paper. It provides the information necessary for a reader to locate and retrieve any source you cite in the body of the paper. Each source you cite in the paper must appear in your reference list; likewise, each entry in the reference list must be cited in your text.
Your references should begin on a new page separate from the text of the essay; label this page “References” in bold, centered at the top of the page (do NOT underline or use quotation marks for the title). All text should be double-spaced just like the rest of your essay.
Basic Rules for Most Sources
- All lines after the first line of each entry in your reference list should be indented one-half inch from the left margin. This is called hanging indentation.
- All authors’ names should be inverted (i.e., last names should be provided first).
- Authors’ first and middle names should be written as initials.
- For example, the reference entry for a source written by Jane Marie Smith would begin with “Smith, J. M.”
- If a middle name isn’t available, just initialize the author’s first name: “Smith, J.”
- Give the last name and first/middle initials for all authors of a particular work up to and including 20 authors (this is a new rule, as APA 6 only required the first six authors). Separate each author’s initials from the next author in the list with a comma. Use an ampersand (&) before the last author’s name. If there are 21 or more authors, use an ellipsis (but no ampersand) after the 19th author, and then add the final author’s name.
- Reference list entries should be alphabetized by the last name of the first author of each work.
- For multiple articles by the same author, or authors listed in the same order, list the entries in chronological order, from earliest to most recent.
- When referring to the titles of books, chapters, articles, reports, webpages, or other sources, capitalize only the first letter of the first word of the title and subtitle, the first word after a colon or a dash in the title, and proper nouns.
- Note again that the titles of academic journals are subject to special rules. See section below.
- Italicize titles of longer works (e.g., books, edited collections, names of newspapers, and so on).
- Do not italicize, underline, or put quotes around the titles of shorter works such as chapters in books or essays in edited collections.
Basic Rules for Articles in Academic Journals
- Present journal titles in full.
- Italicize journal titles.
- Maintain any nonstandard punctuation and capitalization that is used by the journal in its title.
- For example, you should use PhiloSOPHIA instead of Philosophia, or Past & Present instead of Past and Present.
- Capitalize all major words in the titles of journals. Note that this differs from the rule for titling other common sources (like books, reports, webpages, and so on) described above.
- This distinction is based on the type of source being cited. Academic journal titles have all major words capitalized, while other sources’ titles do not.
- Capitalize the first word of the titles and subtitles of journal articles, as well as the first word after a colon or a dash in the title, and any proper nouns.
- Do not italicize or underline the article title.
- Do not enclose the article title in quotes.
- So, for example, if you need to cite an article titled “Deep Blue: The Mysteries of the Marianas Trench” that was published in the journal Oceanographic Study: A Peer-Reviewed Publication, you would write the article title as follows:
- Deep blue: The mysteries of the Marianas Trench.
- …but you would write the journal title as follows:
- Oceanographic Study: A Peer-Reviewed Publication
- So, for example, if you need to cite an article titled “Deep Blue: The Mysteries of the Marianas Trench” that was published in the journal Oceanographic Study: A Peer-Reviewed Publication, you would write the article title as follows:
Please note: While the APA manual provides examples of how to cite common types of sources, it does not cover all conceivable sources. If you must cite a source that APA does not address, the APA suggests finding an example that is similar to your source and using that format. For more information, see page 282 of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 7th ed.
